Shaper head for wood working machines



June 2, 1931. T. J. ANDERSON SHAPER HEAD FOR WOODWORKING MACHINES Filed Feb. 18', 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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M a! 27 m IJVKHVTOR T. J. ANDERSON SHAPER HEAD FOR WOODWORKING MACHINES a June 2, 1931.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 18. 1929 T M m lll'n .f; knives in place Patented June 2, 1931 UNITED STATES TORVAL J. ANDERSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

SHAIER HEAD FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES Application filed February 1 8, 1929. Serial No. 340,895.

With the'shaper heads for wood working machines now on the market, the knives are held in place by the clamping blocks only, with no means whatever for holding. the

or against outward movement, except the clamping action of the blocks. With such a construction the knives are not infrequently thrown from their mounting when rotating at a high speed with the likelihood of disastrous results, either due to the fact that the clamping blocks wear or become loose or the knives have been ground down and adjusted upwardly to such an extent that there is only a small portion gripped by the blocks. Moreover, with such a construction there is a tendency of the knives, when in operation, to shear the grooves in which they are mounted, thus not only throwing them out of alignment and causing them to chatter or vibrate, but to be come loose, permitting them to be thrown, with the likelihood of endangering the operator. Therefore, it is an object of my invention to provide a shaper head for wood working machines which overcomes these disadvantages and objections, and to provide in combination with a shap-er head, means for positively preventing the throwing of the knives from any of these causes, and to positively limit the outward movement of the knives from any of these causes. It is a further object to provide in combination with a shaper head of this class, means which prevents the knives from becoming out 5 of alignment or shearing the means in which they are mounted.

It is a further object to provide an evenly balanced cylindrical, enclosed shaper head which, when in operation, materially reduces the viscosity of the air and materially lends itself to smoothness of operation, eliminating vibration and chatter, and afiords an even rotary balance. It is a further ob.- ject of my invention to provide a knock down shaper head for wood working ma.- chines with improved means for mounting and for limiting the adjustment of the knives, with all the parts removably clamped within. a cylindrical casing. It is a further object to provide equalizers that will there shown 7 disks are provided move in accordance with'the knives and to properly balance oneknife with respect to the other should they become out of balance, due to grinding, or otherwise. i

The above and other features of novelty, advantages and capabilitieswill become apparent from a detailed description of the accompanying drawings in'which I h ave illustrated my invention, but the constructions.

are to be understood as illustrative and not as defining the limits of my invention.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the shaper head, embodying one form. of my invention, igaken substantially on the line 11 of Fig. 2is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 2 of F 3.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on' -the line 4-4 of Fig 1. 1

Fig. 5 is a sectional'view taken on' the line 5-5 of Fig 6;

Fig. 6 is a view of the cylindrical casing.

' .ig. is a side elevation view of the slotted frame in which the knives are adjustably mounted.

perspective view of the travwhich the knives are mounted. perspective vlew of "an equal- Fig. 8 is a sling block on Fig. 9 is a 'izer for balancing one knife with respect to the other.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of'oneof the knives showing the oblong opening near one end thereof.

'Referring to the form illustrated inthe -ten figures of the drawings, the device comprises a cylindrical casing 11, provided with an integral end 12 with a suitable opening to receive the spindle 13 of the machine.

Loosely mounted in the casing 11 is a pair of disks 14, one of which is in contact with the end 12 of the casing 11 and the other being adapted to be engaged by the nut'17. These V with openings for receiving the spindle 13 and are loosely mount.- ed thereon so that they can be readily and quickly removed from'and replaced on the spindle whenever desired. The disksv 14 are ,within the casing 11',

the screws 24 to with the notched provided, at an angle to the axis thereof, with a pair of opposed beveled grooves 16 for receiving the longitudinal beveled edges of the knives 15, as best shown in Fig. 2. Fixed to the spindle 13, against which the end 12 of the casing abuts. By properly turning up the nut 17 the disks let are caused to tightly clamp the knives therebetween in the grooves heretofore mentioned, over a considerable portion of the length of the knives for properly and securely holding them in place against vibration or chattering. For receiving the end of the knives and permitting them to be swung into position, the casing 11 is pro-- vided with diametr cally opposed slots 16,

Fig. 6. As a result of this arrangement, when the spindle is being operated,jand the shaper in use, the. driving power is applied throughout the greater portion of the length of the knives, thusminimizingthe lever action, and eliminating the vibration inherent the old types. The'outer disk 14 is provided with tongues or lugs 18 which are adapted to register with and completely fill the opposed slots in the casing after the knives have been positioned, and in addition, to cause said disk 1& to drop into position and to rotate with the casing.

I will now describe the means for adjusting or setting the knives. Mounted between the disks 14,

is a rectangular frame comprising heads 19 vand side members 20. The side members are provided with longitudinal slots 21, terminating at opposite ends, with an enlarged circular opening 22; "The heads 19 are provided with suitable openings 23 to -receive I hold the recta-ngular frame in position on the lower disk l l. The lower disk 14 is provided with suitable openings 7 31 toreceivethe pins 33 on the inner end 12,

so that the disk and rectangular frame are caused to rotate with thecasing. The traveling bloc-11.25 is provided with a shoe 25 adapted to slide in the slots-21. Extending beyond the shoe is an integral pin 26 on which is pivotally mounted the knives 15. The pin 26,- near its outer end, is provided with opposednotches, and the member 27 has a suitable slot 29 adapted to interlock portion of said pin. Formed integrally with the locking'mem- "ber 27 is an equalizer 28, which fits against the end of the knives :and inreality forms an extension thereof, and in practiceis made of varying thicknesses to afford different weights, so that when one knife becomes slightly lighter than the other, due to grind ing, or otherwise, theyca'n be readily put in balance by selecting a locking member and equalizer of the proper weight. This is important, forin practice these knives readily become'out of balance, due to wear is a collar 30 knives,

'disk lt is to withdraw the locking member 27 and swing the knife to a position in alignment with the plane of the spindle shaft,

and'then move the inner end of the knives outward, away from the traveling block.

From the description thus far it will be seen that Ihave provided a shaper head which entirely encloses. the means for limiting the outward adjustments of the cutting knives and prevents any likelihood of the parts becoming. loose, tightly clamps "the and aflords driving power throughout the greater portion thereof, and provides an even rotary balance. J: i o

It will be noted that in my shaper head the traveling block on which the knives are pivotally mounted, absolutely prevents the knives from being thrown from the head, for the outward movement of the knives is checked when traveling blocks come into engagement with the ends of the adjusting frame. Furthermore, it will be seen that with the enclosed shaper head the walls of the longitudinal slots are in tight engagement with the sides of the knives, thus preventing the knives from twisting in or from shearing the grooves in the clamping blocks when abnormal strains are imposed thereon. Having thus described my invention, I claim: V

1. Ina shaper head,-the combination of opposed clamping members adapted to be mounted on a spindle shaft; a frame provided with longitudinal slots connected to one of said clamping members; traveling blocks slidably mounted in said slots cutting knives provided with an opening near their inner ends mounted between said clamping members, said blocks provided with pins that register with the opening in said knives,

2; In a shaperhead, the combination of opposed clamping members adapted Ito be mounted. on a-spindle shaft, and providedon their opposed H surfaces with cooperating spaced grooves ,a frame provided with longitudinal slots connected to one of; said clamping members; traveling blocks slidably mounted in said slots cutting knives provided with an opening near their inner ends mounted in said groovesbetween saidclamping members; pins on said blocks, said .p-in's extend through an opening in said knives,

and equalizers that form an extension of said knives are connected to said pins to balance one knlfe with respect to the other.

i 3. Ina shaper head for wood working ma,-

chines, the combination of a cup like easing provided with combined knife and lugs receiving open slots extending longitudinally from the open end of said casing to a point adjacent the opposite end so as to permit shaping knives to move into position from the top of said casing; opposed clamping members, one of said members provided with lugs adapted to register in said slots and move into position from top of said casing; said lugs extend through the open slots and form a flush gauging surface with the outside of said casing.

4. In a shaper head, the combination of opposed clamping members adapted to be mounted on a spindle shaft, cutting knives provided with an opening near their inner ends mounted between said clamping members, a frame positioned between said knives and connected to one of said members, and traveling blocks connected to said knives and mounted in said frame to limit the sliding movement of said knives.

5. In a shaper head, the combination of an -55 open slotted cuplike casing adapted to be mounted on a spindle shaft, opposed clamping members within said casing, cutting knives provided with openings near their inner ends mounted between said clamping members, a frame in said casing, positioned between said knives, traveling blocks provided with pins adapted to register in the openings in said knives and slidably mounted in said frame to limit the outward move ment of said knives.

6. In a shaper head for wood working machines, the combination of a spindle shaft, an open slotted round cup-like casing adapted to be mounted on said shaft, opposed clamping members also adapted to be mounted on said shaft, cutting knives mounted between said clamping members and extending through the open slots in said casing, one of said members provided with lugs adapted to register in the open slots in said casing, slidable means mounted on the bottom member for limiting the outward movement of said knives, and a nut on the end of said shaft for tightly clamping said knives in position and said members and said casing to said shaft.

7 In a shaper head, a frame mounted in said head, slidable means in said frame, cutting knives in said head provided with openings near their inner ends, said means connected to said knives to limit the outward movement of said knives, and equalizers connected to said means to balance one knife with respect to the other.

so TORVAL J. ANDERSON. 

